The phrase “beat to the punch” in English refers to someone getting to an objective or reaching a goal before someone else, and having an advantage associated with earlier action. This phrase usually takes the following form: “[someone] beat [someone else] to the punch.” It’s also often used for self-reference, usually when someone is feeling that they have acted too late, where the speaker might say “they beat me to the punch.”
This idiomatic phrase seems to have arisen naturally within popular usage, rather than being attributed to any one speaker. Although there is a primary explanation for the idiom, two very different metaphorical meanings apply. The first one has to do with sports; the second relates to social convention.
The first and primary reference in the phrase, “beat to the punch,” involves the idea of a fist-fight, or organized boxing match. To beat someone to the punch is to punch first. A similar idiom, “beat to the draw,” relates to an equivocal idea involving a gunfight. In a gunfight or duel, the person who draws his weapon the fastest, will have an obvious advantage.
Another way to explain “beat to the punch” is related to the idea of drinking at parties and social events. Through the centuries, many in English speaking societies have served a festive, and often alcoholic, fruit drink called “punch” in a large bowl, where guests can serve themselves glasses or cups. The punch bowl will often be centerpiece of the party, and a crowd of people will usually be gathered around it, thus creating a short wait for anyone who wants to serve himself a glass of the beverage.
In this sense, "to beat someone to the punch" - is to get to the punch bowl first. This idiom makes sense in that there is a finite amount of punch served, and if the host did not produce enough for all guests, only those who get to the punch bowl first will receive a drink. The same is true for any refreshments or concessions at any event, and the phrase “beat to the punch” can also refer to food or anything else for which the speaker realizes that he or she has come too late. There’s another common idiom related to punch, where someone will refer to “spiking the punch” which means to add alcohol to the drink without notifying the drinkers.